初步探讨多种植物油组分对肿瘤放化疗相关的皮肤黏膜毒性反应的预防效果。

2022年7月至2023年6月南方医科大学深圳医院肿瘤科收治的患者(108例)，观察其用3~5种不同植物油组合预防肿瘤放化疗相关的毒性反应(放射性皮炎、口腔黏膜炎、手足综合征)。34例患者接受预防性植物油护理(预防组)，74例未接受植物油预防性护理(非预防组)。观察两组的放化疗相关性皮肤黏膜毒性反应的发生率，毒性反应评价采用常见不良反应评价标准(CTCAE 5.0),两组发生率的比较采用χ²检验。

108例患者主要为头颈部鳞癌、乳腺癌和胃肠道肿瘤。预防组和非预防组分别有64.7%和31.1%的患者接受根治性抗肿瘤治疗，44.1%和35.1%的患者接受单纯放疗，32.4%和43.2%的患者接受同步放化疗。应用复方植物油后肿瘤放化疗相关性皮肤黏膜毒性反应的发生率明显不同。预防组和非预防组的2~3级毒性反应发生率分别为35.3%和64.8%，0~1级的发生率分别为64.7%和35.2%(χ²＝16.347，P＝0.001)。在头颈部肿瘤中，预防组的2~3级放射性皮炎、口腔黏膜炎的发生率分别为33.4%和50.0%，其发生率分别降低60.6%和40.9%。在预防组和非预防组中，乳腺癌的放射性皮炎发生率分别为27.3%和66.7%，其2~3级急性放射性皮炎的发生率降低59.1%(χ²＝5.038，P＝0.025)。在胃肠道肿瘤患者中，手足综合征2~3级的发生率分别23.5%和45.2%，2~3级手足综合征的发生率降低47.9%(χ²＝2.192，P＝0.139)。

多种植物油组合可有效用于肿瘤放化疗相关皮肤黏膜毒性反应的护理预防。

To explore the preliminary prevention effects of multiple plant oil combination on chemoradiotherapy induced mucosal toxicities.

From July 2022 to June 2023, 108 patients in Department of Oncology, Shenzhen Hospital of Southen Medical University used 3-5 plant oils to prevent the chemoradiotherapy toxicities including the oral mucositis (OM), radiation dermatitis (RD), hand-and-foot syndrome (HSF). 34 patients were recruited as preventing with multiple plant oils (prevention group, PG) and 74 patients were treated as routine practice (non-prevention group, NPG). Compared the incidence rates of OM, RD, and HFS that were evaluated with the criteria of Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) 5.0. And the Chi square was used to compare the statistical difference.

108 patients had head and neck, breast, gastrointestinal cancer mainly. In PG and NPG, 64.7% and 31.1% received curative treatment respectively, 44.1% and 35.1% had radiotherapy alone, 32.4% and 43.2% did concurrent chemoradiotherapy respectively. The overall incidence rate of toxicities was statistically different. The grade 2-3 of toxicities was 35.3% and 64.8% and grade 0-1 were 64.7% and 35.2% in PG and NPG respectively (χ²=16.347, P=0.001). For patients with head and neck cancer, the rate of grade 2-3 of RD and OM were 33.4% and 50.0% respectively. The RD and OM rate decreased 60.6% and 40.9% respectively. For breast cancer, the RD rate were 27.3% and 66.7% in PG and NPG respectively and grade 2-3 RD rate decreased 59.1%(χ²=5.038, P=0.025). For gastrointestinal cancer, the grade 2-3 of HFS were 23.5% and 45.2% which decreased 47.9%(χ²=2.192, P=0.139).

The combination of multiple plant oils could be used to mitigate the severity of the chemoradiotherapy induced dermal and/or oral mucosal toxicities.