切换至 "中华医学电子期刊资源库"

中华损伤与修复杂志(电子版) ›› 2022, Vol. 17 ›› Issue (06) : 513 -519. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1673-9450.2022.06.009

论著

社区失能老人孤独感对抑郁的影响:希望、自尊的并行中介作用
曹效亲1, 胡雪慧2, 史艳茹1, 程乔2, 卢迎3, 陈宝莉3, 周琴3,()   
  1. 1. 710032 西安,空军军医大学第一附属医院心理科
    2. 710032 西安,空军军医大学第一附属医院护理部
    3. 710032 西安,空军军医大学第一附属医院烧伤与皮肤外科,全军烧伤中心
  • 收稿日期:2022-10-05 出版日期:2022-12-01
  • 通信作者: 周琴
  • 基金资助:
    军委后勤保障部后勤保健专项课题(21BJZ08)

Effect of loneliness on depression in community disabled elderly: parallel mediation of hope and self-esteem

Xiaoqin Cao1, Xuehui Hu2, Yanru Shi1, Qiao Cheng2, Ying Lu3, Baoli Chen3, Qin Zhou3,()   

  1. 1. Department of Clinical Psychology, Burn Center of PLA, First Affiliated Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi′an 710032, China
    2. Department of Nursing, Burn Center of PLA, First Affiliated Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi′an 710032, China
    3. Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Burn Center of PLA, First Affiliated Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi′an 710032, China
  • Received:2022-10-05 Published:2022-12-01
  • Corresponding author: Qin Zhou
引用本文:

曹效亲, 胡雪慧, 史艳茹, 程乔, 卢迎, 陈宝莉, 周琴. 社区失能老人孤独感对抑郁的影响:希望、自尊的并行中介作用[J]. 中华损伤与修复杂志(电子版), 2022, 17(06): 513-519.

Xiaoqin Cao, Xuehui Hu, Yanru Shi, Qiao Cheng, Ying Lu, Baoli Chen, Qin Zhou. Effect of loneliness on depression in community disabled elderly: parallel mediation of hope and self-esteem[J]. Chinese Journal of Injury Repair and Wound Healing(Electronic Edition), 2022, 17(06): 513-519.

目的

探究希望、自尊在社区失能老人孤独感与抑郁关系中的并行中介作用,为促进社区失能老人心理健康提供科学依据。

方法

2022年1月至5月,采取便利抽样法选取西安市西窑坊社区、电建社区、陕汽万寿社区、长乐西路社区、东窑坊社区5家与空军军医大学第一附属医院有延续性护理合作的社区中335例失能老人为研究对象,采用一般资料调查问卷、简版老年抑郁量表(GDS-15)、UCLA孤独感量表简化版(ULS-8)、Herth希望量表(HHI)和罗森伯格自尊量表(RSES)进行问卷调查。共发放问卷335份,有效回收325份,有效回收率为97%。采用Pearson相关分析进行各变量间相关性分析,应用Harman单因素检验法进行共同方法偏差检验,运用Hayes编制的宏程序PROCESS v4.0进行线性回归分析和Bootstrap分析。

结果

共有效调查325例社区失能老人,男180例,女145例,轻度失能232例,占71.4%;中度失能79例,占24.3%;重度失能14例,占4.3%。社区失能老人GDS-15、ULS-8、HHI和RSES量表得分分别为(6.16±3.89)、(16.41±5.44)、(34.09±6.66)、(29.58±5.32)分。相关性分析结果表明,孤独感与抑郁呈显著正相关,差异有统计学有意义(r=0.687,P<0.05),与希望、自尊呈显著负相关,差异均有统计学有意义(r=-0.694、-0.612,P<0.05);希望、自尊与抑郁呈显著负相关,差异均有统计学有意义(r=-0.755、-0.660,P<0.05)。中介效应分析结果显示,孤独感对抑郁的总效应值为0.490,95%CI为0.434~0.547;总中介效应值为0.291,95%CI为0.233~0.352,占总效应的59.39%,其中希望的中介效应值为0.216,95%CI为0.155~0.275,占总效应的44.08%,自尊的中介效应值为0.075,95%CI为0.049~0.225,占总效应的15.31%;孤独感对抑郁的直接效应值为0.199,95%CI为0.132~0.267,占总效应的40.61%。

结论

孤独感可以直接预测抑郁,也可以通过希望、自尊的并行中介作用间接预测抑郁。因此社区管理者应早期识别社区失能老人的孤独情绪,呼吁家人、社区乃至社会给予社区失能老人足够的陪伴、关心及支持,同时重视希望、自尊在降低抑郁方面的作用。

Objective

To explore the parallel mediation role of hope and self-esteem between loneliness and depression of the disabled elderly in the community, and to provide scientific reference for promoting the mental health of them.

Methods

From January to May 2022, 335 disabled elderly were selected by convenient sampling method from 5 communities in Xi′an, that had continuous care cooperation with First Affilicated Hospital, Air Force Medical University, including Xiyaofang Community, Dianjian Community, Shanqi Wanshou Community, Changle West Road Community and Dongyaofang Community. General information questionnaire, short form geriatric depression scale(GDS-15), short-form of the University of California, Los Angeles loneliness scale (ULS-8), Herth hope index (HHI) and Rosenberg self-esteem scale (RSES) were employed to conduct the questionnaire survey. A total 335 questionnaires were distributed, and 325 valid questionnaires were recovered, with the valid recovery rate of 97%. Pearson correlation analysis was applied to correlation analysis among variables, Harman single factor test was used for common method deviation test, and the PROCESS v4.0 developed by Hayes was used for linear regression analysis and Bootstrap analysis.

Results

A total of 325 elderly people with disabilities were effectively surveyed, 180 males and 145 females, 232 with mild disabilities, accounting for 71.4%; 79 with moderate disabilities, accounting for 24.3%; and 14 with severe disabilities accounting for4.3%. Scores on the GDS-15, ULS-8, HHI and RSES for the disabled elderly in the community were (6.16±3.89), (16.41±5.44), (34.09 ± 6.66) and (29.58 ± 5.32) points respectively. Correlation analysis showed that loneliness was positively correlated with depression, the difference was statistically significant (r=0.687, P<0.05), and was negatively correlated with hope and self-esteem, the differences were statistically significant (r=-0.694, -0.612; P<0.05). Hope and self-esteem were negatively correlated with depression, the differences were statistically significant (r=-0.755, -0.660; P<0.05). The mediating effect analysis showed that the total effect value of loneliness on depression was 0.490, 95%CI was 0.434-0.547. The total mediating effect value was 0.291, 95%CI was 0.233-0.352, accounting for 59.39% of the total effect. The mediating effect value of hope was 0.216, 95%CI was 0.155-0.275, accounting for 44.08% of the total effect. The mediating effect value of self-esteem was 0.075, 95%CI was 0.049-0.225, accounting for 15.31% of the total effect. The direct effect value of loneliness on depression was 0.199, 95%CI was 0.132-0.267, accounting for 40.61% of the total effect.

Conclusions

Loneliness can directly predict depression, or it can indirectly predict depression through the parallel mediating role of hope and self-esteem. Community managers should therefore early identify the loneliness of the disabled elderly in the community and call for family, community and even society to give them adequate companionship, care and support, while valuing the role of hope and self-esteem in reducing depression.

表1 325例社区失能老人一般人口学特征(n=325)
表2 并行中介模型中各变量的回归分析
图1 并行中介效应路径图注:a1、a2、b1、b2、c为路径系数,即回归模型中的回归系数
表3 社区失能老人孤独感对抑郁的总效应、总中介效应及直接效应分解表
[1]
Naruse T, Matsumoto H, Fujisaki-Sakai M, et al. Measurement of special access to home visit nursing services among Japanese disabled elderly people: using GIS and claim data[J]. BMC Health Serv Res, 2017, 17(1): 377.
[2]
张立龙,张翼. 中国老年人失能时间研究[J]. 中国人口科学2017(6): 94-104, 128.
[3]
卞少倩. 失能老人长期照护政府责任研究[D]. 南昌:江西中医药大学,2019.
[4]
张良文,方亚. 2020-2050年我国城乡老年人失能规模及其照护成本的预测研究[J]. 中国卫生统计2021, 38(1): 39-42.
[5]
吴国婷,张敏强,倪雨菡,等. 老年人孤独感及其影响因素的潜在转变分析[J]. 心理学报2018, 50(9): 1061-1070.
[6]
Hacihasanoğlu R, Yildirim A, Karakurt P. Loneliness in Elderly Individuals, Level of Dependence in Activities of Daily Living (ADL) and Influential Factors[J]. Arch Gerontol Geriatr, 2012, 54(1): 61-66.
[7]
顾佳欢,尹志勤,李晖,等. 失能老人孤独状况及影响因素分析[J]. 护理研究2017, 31(27): 3379-3382.
[8]
Zhao X, Zhang D, Wu M, et al. Loneliness and depression symptoms among the elderly in nursing homes: a moderated mediation model of resilience and social support[J]. Psychiatry Res, 2018, 268: 143-151.
[9]
许浩,陈娜. 我国城乡失能老人抑郁症状及影响因素差异研究[J]. 现代预防医学2020, 47(22): 4181-4184, 4205.
[10]
陈丹,段鹭茜,张强,等. 老年HIV感染者/AIDS患者抑郁状况及影响因素分析[J]. 中国临床心理学杂志2019, 27(6): 1131-1134, 1125.
[11]
Al-Amer R, Subih M, Aldaraawi H, et al. Prevalence of Depression and Its Influence on the Quality of Life of Jordanians Living in Residential Care Facilities[J]. J Nurs Res, 2019, 27(6): e54.
[12]
Fukumori N, Yamamoto Y, Takegami M, et al. Association between Hand-grip Strength and Depressive Symptoms: Locomotive Syndrome and Health Outcomes in Aizu Cohort Study (LOHAS) [J]. Age Ageing, 2015, 44(4): 592-598.
[13]
余思,刘勤学. 父母忽视对青少年自杀意念的影响:自尊和希望的中介作用[J]. 心理发展与教育2020, 36(3): 350-358.
[14]
范志光,袁群明,门瑞雪. 知觉压力、社会支持对老年人幸福感的影响及希望的中介作用[J]. 中国老年学杂志2020, 40(23): 5074-5077.
[15]
张珊明,陈先琼,罗伏生,等. 情感虐待与农村留守经历大学生社交焦虑:自我接纳和自尊的作用[J]. 中国临床心理学杂志2022, 30(3): 630-634, 639.
[16]
Mahoney FI, Barthel DW. Functional Evalution: the Barthel Index[J]. Md State Med J, 1965, 14: 61-65.
[17]
Granger CV, Dewis LS, Peters NC, et al. Stroke Rehabilitation: Analysis of Repeated Barthel Index Measures[J]. Arch Phys Med Rehabil, 1979, 60(1): 14-17.
[18]
Sheikh JI, Yesavage JA. Geriatric depression scale (GDS): Recent evidence and development of a shorter version[J]. Clin Gerontologist, 1986, 5(1/2): 165-173.
[19]
唐丹. 简版老年抑郁量表(GDS-15)在中国老年人中的使用[J]. 中国临床心理学杂志2013, 21(3): 402-405.
[20]
Russell D, Peplau LA, Ferguson ML. Developing a measure of loneliness[J]. J Pers Assess, 1978, 42(3): 290-294.
[21]
Hays RD, DiMatteo MR. A Short-Form Measure of Loneliness[J]. J Pers Assess, 1987, 51(1): 69-81.
[22]
潘健源,张敏,王敏,等. 安徽省部分地区农村老年人孤独与睡眠状况及其影响因素[J]. 中华疾病控制杂志2010, 14(4): 335-337.
[23]
Herth K. Development and Refinement of an Instrument to Measure Hope[J]. Sch Inq Nurs Pract, 1991, 5(1): 39-51, 53-56.
[24]
赵海平,王健. 血液透析患者的社会支持和希望[J]. 中华护理杂志2000(5): 49-51.
[25]
吴晓蕾. 烧伤患者伤残接受度、希望水平及社会参与水平纵向研究[D]. 福州:福建医科大学,2018.
[26]
戴晓阳. 常用心理评估量表手册[M]. 北京:人民军医出版社,2010: 275-277.
[27]
邝雨洁. 老年女性尿失禁患者自尊水平、心理弹性与生活质量的相关性研究[D]. 开封:河南大学,2020.
[28]
申自力,蔡太生. Rosenberg自尊量表中文版条目8的处理[J]. 中国心理卫生杂志2008(9): 661-663.
[29]
熊红星,张璟,叶宝娟,等. 共同方法变异的影响及其统计控制途径的模型分析[J]. 心理科学进展2012, 20(5): 757-769.
[30]
于蕊. 山东省农村老年人孤独感研究[D]. 青岛:山东大学,2018.
[31]
叶婷婷,赖小燕,吴文凤,等. 城市老人孤独感和生活满意度的相关性[J]. 中国健康心理学杂志2016, 24(7): 1035-1039.
[32]
陈杰,李文秀,刘晔翔,等. 普陀区老年人日常生活活动能力及其影响因素研究[J]. 中国卫生资源2016, 19(1): 65-69.
[33]
张红. 中文版GDS-15和PHQ-9在老年人抑郁评估中的适用性分析[D]. 青岛:山东大学,2020.
[34]
谢娜妹. 孤独症谱系障碍儿童父母希望研究及希望干预方案构建[D]. 福州:福建医科大学,2021.
[35]
李永慧. 大学生状态性希望及干预研究[D]. 上海:华东师范大学,2017.
[36]
刘东玮,周郁秋,李国华. 社会支持与精神分裂症残疾:自尊与心理韧性的链式中介作用[J]. 中国临床心理学杂志2019, 27(1): 78-82.
[37]
王丽娜,周郁秋,赵莉,等. 希望水平对农村空巢老人主观幸福感的影响[J]. 中国老年学杂志2015, 35(20): 5907-5910.
[38]
卢婧. 脑卒中患者抑郁水平与希望水平、应对方式的相关性研究[D]. 锦州:锦州医科大学,2021.
[39]
陈冲,洪月慧,杨思. 应激性生活事件、自尊和抑郁在自杀意念形成中的作用[J]. 中国临床心理学杂志2010, 18(2): 190-191, 164.
[40]
朱仲敏. 青少年心理资本可持续开发的心理资源[M]. 上海:学林出版社,2016: 63.
[41]
王雅琦,吴方,黄立群,等. 养老机构老年人抑郁情绪发展轨迹及预测因素分析[J]. 护理学杂志2019, 34(18): 1-4.
[1] 李凤仪, 李若凡, 高旭, 张超凡. 目标导向液体干预对老年胃肠道肿瘤患者术后血流动力学、胃肠功能恢复的影响[J]. 中华普外科手术学杂志(电子版), 2024, 18(01): 29-32.
[2] 晏晴艳, 雍晓梅, 罗洪, 杜敏. 成都地区老年转移性乳腺癌的预后及生存因素研究[J]. 中华普外科手术学杂志(电子版), 2023, 17(06): 636-638.
[3] 李婷婷, 吴荷玉, 张悦, 程康, 张晓芳, 程娅婵. 复合保温策略在老年腹腔镜解剖性肝切除术中的应用研究[J]. 中华普外科手术学杂志(电子版), 2023, 17(05): 522-525.
[4] 刘跃刚, 薛振峰. 腹腔镜腹股沟疝日间手术在老年患者中的安全性分析[J]. 中华疝和腹壁外科杂志(电子版), 2023, 17(06): 711-714.
[5] 代格格, 杨丽, 胡媛媛, 周文婷. 手术室综合干预在老年腹股沟疝患者中的应用效果[J]. 中华疝和腹壁外科杂志(电子版), 2023, 17(06): 759-763.
[6] 张汪, 徐淑英, 张爱华, 夏芬荣, 汪露. 手术室体温护理结合细节护理干预在老年腹股沟疝围手术期的应用效果[J]. 中华疝和腹壁外科杂志(电子版), 2023, 17(05): 635-638.
[7] 赵宏霞, 刘静, 李晓薇, 陈金婵, 汪志霞. 腹腔镜下经阴道子宫全切术联合阴道前后壁修补术治疗老年子宫脱垂效果[J]. 中华疝和腹壁外科杂志(电子版), 2023, 17(05): 561-565.
[8] 孙伟, 林丽, 师高洋. 超声引导下连续髂腹股沟-髂腹下神经阻滞与腹横肌平面阻滞在老年腹股沟疝手术中应用效果比较[J]. 中华疝和腹壁外科杂志(电子版), 2023, 17(05): 593-597.
[9] 杨鹏, 刘冲. PFNA治疗老年股骨转子间骨折后隐匿性失血及其危险因素的横断面研究[J]. 中华老年骨科与康复电子杂志, 2023, 09(05): 301-306.
[10] 姜里蛟, 张峰, 周玉萍. 多学科诊疗模式救治老年急性非静脉曲张性上消化道大出血患者的临床观察[J]. 中华消化病与影像杂志(电子版), 2023, 13(06): 520-524.
[11] 单秋洁, 孙立柱, 徐宜全, 王之霞, 徐妍, 马浩, 刘田田. 中老年食管癌患者调强放射治疗期间放射性肺损伤风险模型构建及应用[J]. 中华消化病与影像杂志(电子版), 2023, 13(06): 388-393.
[12] 毛树文, 袁方, 唐昊, 王建民. 针刀调节交感神经对老年胃溃疡患者胃功能和溃疡愈合的影响[J]. 中华消化病与影像杂志(电子版), 2023, 13(05): 326-330.
[13] 郭震天, 张宗明, 赵月, 刘立民, 张翀, 刘卓, 齐晖, 田坤. 机器学习算法预测老年急性胆囊炎术后住院时间探索[J]. 中华临床医师杂志(电子版), 2023, 17(9): 955-961.
[14] 潘惠, 王明, 杨忠, 杜向东. 低频重复经颅磁刺激辅助治疗伴不同特征抑郁症的对照研究[J]. 中华临床医师杂志(电子版), 2023, 17(05): 562-568.
[15] 晏美娟, 邵礼晖. 高水平脂蛋白(a)与无“三高”老年人群小动脉硬化型脑小血管病的相关性研究[J]. 中华脑血管病杂志(电子版), 2023, 17(05): 458-463.
阅读次数
全文


摘要