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中华损伤与修复杂志(电子版) ›› 2024, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (04) : 307 -313. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1673-9450.2024.04.006

论著

梭形针线扣技术与Krackow缝合法对跟腱止点或近止点断裂跟腱功能恢复的疗效比较
贾杰1,(), 王阳1, 车凯薇1, 高俊峰1, 王聪1, 李泽阳1, 梁虎1   
  1. 1. 053000 衡水市第四人民医院手足外一科
  • 收稿日期:2024-01-08 出版日期:2024-08-01
  • 通信作者: 贾杰
  • 基金资助:
    衡水市科技计划项目(2021014057Z)

Effect of spindle needle and thread technique and Krackow suture technique on functional recovery of Achilles tendon rupture at or near the Achilles tendon stop

Jie Jia1,(), Yang Wang1, Kaiwei Che1, Junfeng Gao1, Cong Wang1, Zeyang Li1, Hu Liang1   

  1. 1. First Department of Hands and Foot, the Fourth People's Hospital of Hengshui, Hengshui 053000, China
  • Received:2024-01-08 Published:2024-08-01
  • Corresponding author: Jie Jia
引用本文:

贾杰, 王阳, 车凯薇, 高俊峰, 王聪, 李泽阳, 梁虎. 梭形针线扣技术与Krackow缝合法对跟腱止点或近止点断裂跟腱功能恢复的疗效比较[J]. 中华损伤与修复杂志(电子版), 2024, 19(04): 307-313.

Jie Jia, Yang Wang, Kaiwei Che, Junfeng Gao, Cong Wang, Zeyang Li, Hu Liang. Effect of spindle needle and thread technique and Krackow suture technique on functional recovery of Achilles tendon rupture at or near the Achilles tendon stop[J]. Chinese Journal of Injury Repair and Wound Healing(Electronic Edition), 2024, 19(04): 307-313.

目的

探讨梭形针线扣技术与Krackow缝合法在跟腱止点或近止点断裂患者中的应用效果及对患者跟腱功能的影响。

方法

收集2021年1月至2022年12月衡水市第四人民医院手足外一科收治的106例跟腱止点或近止点断裂患者资料进行分析,利用随机数字表法分组,每组53例。研究组予以梭形针线扣技术结合远端经跟骨骨隧道线扣技术,对照组给予近端Krackow缝合结合远端经跟骨骨隧道线扣技术。比较患者的手术相关指标、跟腱功能优良率、跟腱完全断裂(ATRS)评分,并记录术后跟腱断裂和并发症发生率。

结果

研究组的切口长度、切口愈合时间、住院时间均短于对照组[(4.55±1.03)cm比(6.72±1.30)cm]、[(3.44±1.08)d比(4.07±1.45)d]、[(3.86±1.13)d比(4.48±1.34)d](t切口长度=9.525,t切口愈合时间=2.537,t住院时间=7.559,P<0.05)。术中出血量研究组[(133.53±20.39)ml]少于对照组[(157.14±23.26)ml](t=5.557,P<0.05)。研究组的优良率(94.34%)高于对照组(81.13%)(χ2=4.296,P<0.05)。研究组术后3个月ATRS评分高于对照组(t=2.815,P<0.05)。研究组术后1、3个月的跟腱断裂发生率均低于对照组[(1.89%)比(13.21%)、(0.00%)比(7.55%)](χ1个月2=4.867,χ3个月2=4.157,P<0.05)。研究组的并发症发生率(1.89%)低于对照组(13.21%)(χ2=4.867,P<0.05) 。

结论

梭形针线扣技术结合远端经跟骨骨隧道线扣技术治疗跟腱止点或近止点断裂患者的效果优于近端Krackow缝合结合远端经跟骨骨隧道线扣技术,可快速恢复患者的跟腱功能,降低术后近期跟腱断裂和并发症发生率。

Objective

To investigate the application effect of fusiform needle and thread technique and Krackow suture in patients with Achilles tendon rupture at or near the Achilles tendon and their influence on the Achilles tendon function.

Methods

A total of 106 patients with Achilles tendon rupture at or near the Achilles tendon from January 2021 to December 2022 admitted to Department of Hands and Foot, the Fourth People′s Hospital of Hengshui were included as the study objects and grouped by random number table method, and each group had 53 patients. The control group was given proximal Krackow suture combined with distal transcalcaneal bone tunnel suture, and the study group was given spindle needle combined with distal transcalcaneal bone tunnel suture.Surgery-related indexes, the good rate of Achilles tendon function, and achilles tendon total rupture score(ATRS)scores of the two groups were compared, and the incidence of postoperative Achilles tendon rupture and complications were recorded.

Results

Incision length [(4.55±1.03) cm], incision healing time [(3.44±1.08) d] and hospitalization time[(3.86±1.13) d] in the study group were shorter than the control group [(6.72±1.30) cm, (4.07±1.45) min, (4.48±1.34) d](tincision length=9.525, tincision healing time= 2.537, thospitalization time= 7.559, P< 0.05).The intraoperative blood loss [(133.53±20.39) ml ]was lower than the control group[(157.14±23.26) ml](t= 5.557, P< 0.05). The excellent and good rate of the study group (94.34%) was higher than the control group (81.13%) (χ2=4.296, P< 0.05). The ATRS score of the study group was higher than the control group at 3 months after operation (t=2.815, P< 0.05). The incidence of tendon rupture at 1 months (1.89%) and 3 months (0.00%) in the study group was lower than that in the control group (13.21% and 7.55%) (χ1 months2=4.867, χ3 months2=4.157, P<0.05). The complication rate of the study group (1.89%) was lower than the control group (13.21%) (χ2=4.867, P< 0.05).

Conclusion

The treatment effect of fusiform needle technique combined with distal transcalcaneal tunnel suture is better than that of proximal Krackow suture combined with distal transcalcaneal tunnel suture in the treatment of patients with Achilles tendon rupture at or near the Achilles tendon, which can quickly restore the Achilles tendon function of patients and reduce the incidence of recent postoperative Achilles tendon rupture and complications.

表1 2组患者一般资料比较
图1 对照组,患者男,47岁。摔伤,受伤至手术时间5 d。A示术中见右侧跟腱近止点断裂;B示自跟腱止点与足背平行,平行打入2根直径1.5 mm克氏针穿出足底皮肤;C示侧位X光片确认2根克氏针均经跟骨结节以远穿出跖侧皮质;D、E示拔除克氏针后Keith针将缝合双线引至足底,打Ashley阻挡结,反向牵拉,使线扣紧贴跟骨跖侧皮质;F、G示跟腱近断端两侧分别进行Krackow缝合,将跟腱远近端对应4根缝线分别打结,紧贴足底皮肤,剪断线扣以远多余缝线;H、I示术后15个月随访,双足背屈、跖屈功能;J示患肢单足提踵功能;K~N示Ashley阻挡结打结方法
图2 研究组,患者女,48岁。运动拉伤致左跟腱近止点断裂,受伤至手术时间3 d。A示梭形针构造,全长15 cm,直径1.5 mm,中间开孔,可穿过2号爱惜邦缝合线;B、C示咬骨钳咬除跟骨结节增生骨赘,自跟腱止点附近平行于足背打入2根直径1.5 mm克氏针,使克氏针经跟骨结节前侧穿出,C型臂透视显示克氏针位置合适;D示拔除克氏针,Keith针将2根2号爱惜邦双线分别经骨隧道引出足底皮肤,手术刀将足底出针孔开大;E示2组缝线分别打Ashley阻挡结,反向牵引,使线扣透过皮肤,紧贴跟骨跖侧皮质,远端两组缝线备用;F示组织钳钳夹固定跟腱近断端,2号爱惜邦缝线穿过梭形针针孔,梭形针自跟腱近断端斜行进针,穿过跟腱,经皮穿出;G示针尾将要穿出跟腱时停止出针,将缝线拉出皮肤,并拉紧,改变针尾方向,原针尾变针头,继续进针,穿过跟腱,经皮穿出。H示重复以上步骤;I示最后将梭形针自跟腱近断端斜行穿出;J示将远端2组备用双缝线经皮下引至切口,同跟腱近断端2组双缝线分别打结,完成跟腱缝合,紧贴足底皮肤,减除足底多余缝线;K示3-0可吸收缝线缝合腱周膜及皮下层,1号丝线间断缝合皮肤切口
表2 2组手术相关指标比较(±s)
表3 2组跟腱功能优良率比较
表4 2组ATRS评分比较(分,±s)
表5 2组跟腱再断裂发生率比较[例(%)]
表6 2组并发症比较[例(%)]
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