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中华损伤与修复杂志(电子版) ›› 2025, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (03) : 227 -232. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1673-9450.2025.03.007

论著

对肩峰下撞击综合征患者肩关节镜术后居家康复锻炼方案的应用效果与依从性分析
王晶晶1, 王辉1, 李阿漫1, 曾峥2,()   
  1. 1. 100070 首都医科大学附属北京天坛医院护理部
    2. 100070 首都医科大学附属北京天坛医院骨科
  • 收稿日期:2024-08-15 出版日期:2025-06-01
  • 通信作者: 曾峥
  • 基金资助:
    高层次公共卫生技术人才建设项目培训计划(学科骨干-01-049)

Effect analysis of treatment and adherence on home rehabilitation exercise program for subacromial impingement syndrome patients after shoulder arthroscopy

Jing jing Wang1, Hui Wang1, Aman Li1, Zheng Zeng2,()   

  1. 1. Department of Nursing,Beijing Tiantan Hospital,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100070,China
    2. Department of Orthopedics,Beijing Tiantan Hospital,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100070,China
  • Received:2024-08-15 Published:2025-06-01
  • Corresponding author: Zheng Zeng
引用本文:

王晶晶, 王辉, 李阿漫, 曾峥. 对肩峰下撞击综合征患者肩关节镜术后居家康复锻炼方案的应用效果与依从性分析[J/OL]. 中华损伤与修复杂志(电子版), 2025, 20(03): 227-232.

Jing jing Wang, Hui Wang, Aman Li, Zheng Zeng. Effect analysis of treatment and adherence on home rehabilitation exercise program for subacromial impingement syndrome patients after shoulder arthroscopy[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Injury Repair and Wound Healing(Electronic Edition), 2025, 20(03): 227-232.

目的

观察肩峰下撞击综合征(SIS)患者肩关节镜术后实施肩关节居家康复锻炼方案的疼痛水平、生活质量和依从性分析。

方法

选取2022年10月至2023年12月首都医科大学附属北京天坛医院骨科收治的接受肩关节镜手术的SIS患者68例,通过文献查阅、专家讨论构建肩关节居家康复锻炼方案。收集患者一般情况,通过术前和术后6周视觉模拟评分量表(VAS)、Constant-Murley肩关节评分量表(CMS)以及锻炼依从情况,比较两组患者的康复效果。

结果

术后按照完成训练方案后肩关节恢复的达标情况(基于CMS达标标准),分为达标组(31例)和未达标组(37例),在年龄、性别、体质量指数(BMI)、术前VAS、术前CMS评分方面,达标组与未达标组之间差异无统计学意义。术后6周结果显示,达标组和未达标组的VAS颈和VAS肩均有降低。6周后达标组CMS(74.19±9.55)分与未达标组(39.00±12.55)分相比差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),且达标组较未达标组CMS提升更明显(P<0.05)。依从性上达标组每周锻炼5~6次的患者数量居多。

结论

肩关节镜术后居家康复锻炼方案可以降低患者的颈部及肩部疼痛,提高生活质量,具有一定的康复效果。

Objective

To observe the effect of the shoulder joint home rehabilitation exercise program after arthroscopic shoulder surgery on subacromial impingement syndrome (SIS) patients' pain level,quality of life and adherence.

Methods

A total of 68 patients with SIS who underwent shoulder arthroscopic surgery in the Department of Orthopedics, Beijing Tiantan Hospital,Capital Medical University from October 2022 to December 2023 were selected.Based on literature review and expert discussion, a home rehabilitation exercise program for shoulder joints was constructed.The general information, visual analogue scale (VAS), Constant-Murley shoulder joint scale (CMS) and exercise compliance were collected before and 6 weeks after surgery.The rehabilitation effect of the two groups was compared.

Results

Patients were divided into the conforming group (31 cases) and the non-conforming group (37 cases).There were no significant differences in age,sex, body mass index (BMI), preoperative VAS and preoperative CMS scores between the qualified group and the unqualified group.The results at 6 weeks post-operation showed that both the qualified group and the the unqualified group experienced reductions in VAS neck and VAS shoulder scores.After 6 weeks, the CMS score of the qualified group (74.19±9.55) points was significantly different from that of the unqualified group(39.00±12.55) points (P<0.05).Moreover, the comforming group showed a more significant improvement in CMS compared to the non-conforming group (P<0.05).Patients exercising 5-6 times per week constitued the majority in the conforming group.

Conclusion

The home rehabilitation exercise program of shoulder joint after shoulder arthroscopy can reduce the pain of neck and shoulder, improve the quality of life, and have a certain rehabilitation effect.

表1 肩关节居家康复运动具体方案
时间 康复训练指导内容 训练达成目标
第一阶段:术后1~2周 需佩戴支具动作。一:钟摆运动。戴好前臂吊带,俯身缓慢旋转患侧肩关节。动作二:肩关节前屈后伸运动。带好前臂吊带,被动患侧不用力,健侧手辅助前屈和后伸肩关节。动作三:肩关节的内收和外展。带好前臂吊带,患侧完全不用力,用健侧手推和拉肩关节。 被动肩前屈:60°~90°被动肩后伸:0°~10°被动肩外展:30°~45°被动外展20°外旋:0°~20°
第二阶段:术后2~4周 需佩戴支具。此阶段伤口已拆线,在第一阶段动作的基础上,增加2个动作:动作四:前屈爬墙。站立位面向墙壁,患侧肢体沿墙缓慢向上爬行,使上肢尽量高举。动作五:外展爬墙。站立位患侧面对墙面,患侧肢体沿墙缓慢向上爬行,增加患侧肩关节的肌力和活动度。 被动肩前屈:90°~120°被动肩后伸:10°~20°被动肩外展:45°~90°被动外展20°外旋:20°~30°
第三阶段:术后4~6周 无须佩戴支具,此阶段以主动活动为主。动作六:钟摆运动。同动作一,但无支具支撑。动作七:前屈和后伸运动。同动作二,但患侧肢体与健侧同时用力。动作八:内收和外展运动。同动作三,但患侧肢体与健侧同时用力。 被动肩前屈:130°~155°被动肩后伸:20°~30°被动肩外展:90°~140°被动外展20°外旋:30°~45°
表2 两组患者一般资料的比较
表3 两组患者康复方案干预前后VAS与CMS评分比较
表4 两组患者依从性指标比较
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