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中华损伤与修复杂志(电子版) ›› 2025, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (04) : 347 -351. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1673-9450.2025.04.012

所属专题: 文献

综述

习惯性髌骨脱位的治疗现状与进展
华义, 王华, 杨旭()   
  1. 430071 武汉大学中南医院关节与运动医学科
  • 收稿日期:2025-04-17 出版日期:2025-08-01
  • 通信作者: 杨旭

Development and current situation of the treatment of habitual patellar dislocation

Yi Hua, Hua Wang, Xu Yang()   

  1. Department of Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine,Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University,Wuhan 430071,China
  • Received:2025-04-17 Published:2025-08-01
  • Corresponding author: Xu Yang
引用本文:

华义, 王华, 杨旭. 习惯性髌骨脱位的治疗现状与进展[J/OL]. 中华损伤与修复杂志(电子版), 2025, 20(04): 347-351.

Yi Hua, Hua Wang, Xu Yang. Development and current situation of the treatment of habitual patellar dislocation[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Injury Repair and Wound Healing(Electronic Edition), 2025, 20(04): 347-351.

习惯性髌骨脱位在临床上较为少见,相对于其他类型的髌骨脱位,其病理改变主要是伸膝装置挛缩及膝关节内在解剖结构异常。手术是习惯性髌骨脱位的主要治疗方式,单一术式难以取得良好的临床疗效。伸膝装置延长是治疗习惯性髌骨脱位的关键,通常包括对外侧支持带、髂胫束、股外侧肌肌腱以及股四头肌肌腱的松解。同时,对于合并骨性结构异常的患者,还需要联合截骨矫正手术以恢复髌骨正常的运动轨迹和下肢力线。目前,治疗习惯性髌骨脱位的手术方式较多,但尚未形成统一的治疗方案。因而,有必要对目前治疗习惯性髌骨脱位各种术式的应用现状及最新进展进行综述,以便更精准地指导临床治疗。

Habitual patellar dislocation is relatively rare. Compared with other types of patellar dislocation, its pathological changes are mainly contracture of the extensor apparatus and intrinsic anatomical abnormalities of the knee joint. Surgery is the main treatment for habitual patellar dislocation, and it is difficult to achieve good clinical outcomes with a single surgical procedure. Lengthening of the extensor mechanism of the knee is the key to treating habitual patellar dislocation, which usually includes the release of the lateral retinaculum, iliotibial band, and quadriceps tendon. In patients with bony deformities, osteotomy techniques are used to restore normal patellar trajectory and lower extremity lines of force. At present, there are many surgical approaches for the treatment of habitual patellar dislocation, but a unified treatment protocol has not been established. It is necessary to review the application status and latest progress of various surgical procedures for habitual patellar dislocation, so as to more accurately guide clinical treatment.

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