探讨硒纳米颗粒（Se NPs）对诱导的成肌细胞损伤及分化受抑的改善作用。

采用透明质酸（HA）为稳定组分，以抗坏血酸还原亚硒酸钠制备Se NPs。通过透射电子显微镜、纳米颗粒追踪分析、Zeta电位检测和紫外-可见吸收光谱对Se NPs进行表征；采用3，3'，5，5'-四甲基联苯胺显色体系和2，2'-联氮双（3-乙基苯并噻唑啉-6-磺酸）阳离子（ABTS^•+）自由基体系评价其体外抗氧化能力。使用脂多糖（LPS）处理C2C12成肌细胞，模拟骨骼肌衰老或损伤形成的炎性微环境对成肌细胞的影响，并结合过氧化氢氧化损伤模型，检测Se NPs对细胞活力、凋亡、活性氧（ROS）/还原型谷胱甘肽（GSH）水平、线粒体膜电位、炎症及成肌分化相关基因表达的影响，同时观察肌球蛋白重链（MHC）表达、肌管形成及融合指数变化。

Se NPs呈球形，分散性较好，平均核心直径为（117.96±14.27） nm，平均水合直径为（136.71±18.48） nm，平均Zeta电位为（-25.99±7.60）mV，并在约290 nm处出现特征吸收峰。体外抗氧化实验显示，Se NPs的抗氧化能力随浓度升高而增强。Se NPs具有较好的胶体稳定性和细胞相容性，100~500 ng/mL Se NPs可减轻LPS诱导的细胞活力下降和凋亡增加。Se NPs干预后，LPS诱导的ROS积累降低，GSH水平升高，肿瘤坏死因子-α、诱导型一氧化氮合酶和白细胞介素-1β表达下降，谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶1表达恢复；同时MHC阳性肌管形成增加，肌管长度、直径及融合指数提高，肌萎缩相关基因肌萎缩素-1、肌肉环指蛋白1表达下调，成肌调节因子肌源性分化因子、肌生成素表达上调。

HA稳定Se NPs具有较好的抗氧化能力，可通过缓解LPS诱导的氧化应激和炎症反应，减轻C2C12细胞损伤并改善成肌分化受抑状态。

To investigate the ameliorative effects of selenium nanoparticles (Se NPs) on induced myoblast injury and inhibition of myogenic differentiation.

Using hyaluronic acid (HA) as a stabilizing component，Se NPs were synthesized by reducing sodium selenite with ascorbic acid. The physicochemical properties of Se NPs were characterized by transmission electron microscopy，nanoparticle tracking analysis，Zeta potential measurement，and ultraviolet-visible absorption spectroscopy. The in vitro antioxidant capacity was assessed using the 3，3'，5，5'-tetramethylbenzidine chromogenic system and the 2，2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radical cation (ABTS^•+) scavenging assay. C2C12 myoblasts were treated with lipopolysaccharide （LPS） to simulate the effects of the inflammatory microenvironment formed by skeletal muscle aging or injury on myoblasts, and a hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative damage model was also used. The effects of Se NPs on cell viability，apoptosis，reactive oxygen species (ROS)/reduced glutathione (GSH) levels，mitochondrial membrane potential，and the expression of inflammation- and myogenic differentiation-related genes were examined. Myosin heavy chain （MHC） expression，myotube formation，and fusion index were also evaluated.

Se NPs were spherical and well-dispersed，with an average core diameter of （117.96±14.27） nm，an average hydrodynamic diameter of （136.71±18.48） nm，and an average Zeta potential of （-25.99±7.60） mV，showing a characteristic absorption peak at approximately 290 nm. In vitro antioxidant experiments demonstrated that the antioxidant capacity of Se NPs increased with increasing manner. Se NPs exhibited good colloidal stability and cytocompatibility. Treatment with 100-500 ng/mL Se NPs attenuated LPS-induced decreases in cell viability and increases in apoptosis. After Se NPs intervention，LPS-induced ROS accumulation was reduced，GSH levels were increased，the expression of tumor necrosis factor-α, inducible nitric oxide synthase, and interleukin-1β was downregulated，and glutathione peroxidase 1 expression was restored. Concurrently，MHC-positive myotube formation was enhanced，and myotube length，diameter，and fusion index were increased，the expression of muscle atrophy-related genes Atrogin-1 and muscle RING finger protein 1 was downregulated，and the expression of myogenic regulatory factor myogenic differentiation 1 and myogenin was upregulated.

HA-stabilized Se NPs possess favorable antioxidant capacity and can alleviate C2C12 cell injury and improve suppressed myogenic differentiation by mitigating LPS-induced oxidative stress and inflammatory responses.