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中华损伤与修复杂志(电子版) ›› 2026, Vol. 21 ›› Issue (05) : 354 -363. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1673-9450.2026.05.005

论著

小檗碱-姜黄素无载体自组装纳米颗粒对大鼠慢性创面愈合的影响
彭玉欢1, 汪毅平1, 王鹏1, 曾惠兰2, 张佩云3, 贾赤宇1,†()   
  1. 1 421001 衡阳,南华大学附属第一医院烧伤整形与创面修复中心
    2 421001 衡阳,南华大学附属第一医院眼科
    3 421004 衡阳,联勤保障部队第九二二医院烧伤整形皮肤科
  • 收稿日期:2026-03-31 出版日期:2026-10-01
  • 通信作者: 贾赤宇
  • 基金资助:
    湖南省自然科学基金(2026JJ70062)

Effect of carrier-free self-assembled berberine-curcumin nanoparticles on chronic wound healing in rats

Yuhuan Peng1, Yiping Wang1, Peng Wang1, Huilan Zeng2, Peiyun Zhang3, Chiyu Jia1,†()   

  1. 1 Center of Burn & Plastic and Wound Healing,the First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China,Hengyang 421001,China
    2 Department of Ophthalmology,the First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China,Hengyang 421001,China
    3 Department of Burns & Plastic Surgery and Dermatology,the 922nd Hospital of the Joint Logistics Support Force,Hengyang 421004,China
  • Received:2026-03-31 Published:2026-10-01
  • Corresponding author: Chiyu Jia
引用本文:

彭玉欢, 汪毅平, 王鹏, 曾惠兰, 张佩云, 贾赤宇. 小檗碱-姜黄素无载体自组装纳米颗粒对大鼠慢性创面愈合的影响[J/OL]. 中华损伤与修复杂志(电子版), 2026, 21(05): 354-363.

Yuhuan Peng, Yiping Wang, Peng Wang, Huilan Zeng, Peiyun Zhang, Chiyu Jia. Effect of carrier-free self-assembled berberine-curcumin nanoparticles on chronic wound healing in rats[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Injury Repair and Wound Healing(Electronic Edition), 2026, 21(05): 354-363.

目的

探讨小檗碱-姜黄素无载体自组装纳米颗粒(Ber-Cur NPs)对大鼠慢性创面愈合的影响。

方法

采用反溶剂沉淀法制备 Ber-Cur NPs,通过扫描电子显微镜、透射电子显微镜、能谱分析、动态光散射、傅里叶变换红外光谱及共聚焦激光扫描显微镜对 Ber-Cur NPs 进行表征检测。通过2,2'-联氮双(3-乙基苯并噻唑啉-6-磺酸)二铵盐(ABTS)、1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼(DPPH)、2-苯基-4,4,5,5-四甲基咪唑啉-1-氧基-3-氧化物 (PTIO)自由基清除实验评价其体外抗氧化能力;采用2',7'-二氯二氢荧光素二乙酸酯(DCFH-DA)荧光探针检测其对细胞内活性氧的清除作用;采用四甲基偶氮唑盐(MTT)法评估其对H2O2诱导细胞氧化应激损伤的保护作用。取25只SD大鼠,于背部建立慢性创面模型,随机分为对照组、模型组及 Ber-Cur NPs 低剂量组、中剂量组和高剂量组。造模后各组创面每日换药,对照组和模型组予以生理盐水,Ber-Cur NPs 低剂量组、中剂量组和高剂量组分别予以0.1、0.5、2.0 mg/mL的Ber-Cur NPs。治疗第 7、15 天拍摄创面图像并计算创面愈合率;治疗第 15 天取创面组织检测超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性及丙二醛(MDA)水平;采用免疫组织化学检测白细胞介素-6(IL-6)表达水平,采用免疫荧光检测 CD31 表达水平;结合 MTT 染色、主要器官苏木精-伊红(HE)染色及血液学检测指标评估Ber-Cur NPs的生物安全性。

结果

Ber-Cur NPs 呈类球形,粒径为(44.25±11.73) nm,水合粒径为108.10 nm,Zeta电位+7.6 mV。傅里叶变换红外光谱显示,Ber与Cur 之间可能存在氢键、π-π 堆积及静电相互作用共同驱动组装。双通道荧光定位结果显示,Ber 和 Cur 荧光信号在纳米颗粒中高度重叠,提示二者共同参与自组装形成。体外实验显示,Ber-Cur NPs 对 ABTS、DPPH、PTIO 自由基及细胞内活性氧均具有良好的清除作用,并可提高氧化应激损伤细胞的存活率。MTT结果显示,Ber-Cur NPs在0~200 μg/mL浓度范围内细胞存活率均高于80%;经高剂量Ber-Cur NPs处理后,大鼠肝肾功能指标及主要器官HE染色均未见明显异常。与模型组相比,Ber-Cur NPs 处理可提高创面愈合率,增强创面组织SOD活性及CD31表达,降低MDA含量和IL-6水平。

结论

Ber-Cur NPs 可通过减轻氧化应激、抑制炎症反应及促进血管生成,改善大鼠慢性创面愈合。

Objective

To investigate the effect of carrier-free self-assembled berberine-curcumin nanoparticles (Ber-Cur NPs) on chronic wound healing in rats.

Methods

Ber-Cur NPs were prepared using the antisolvent precipitation method. The physicochemical characteristics of Ber-Cur NPs were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy,transmission electron microscopy,energy-dispersive spectroscopy,dynamic light scattering,Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,and confocal laser scanning microscopy. The in vitro antioxidant activity of Ber-Cur NPs were assessed using 2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS),1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH),and 2-phenyl-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl 3-oxide (PTIO) free radical scavenging assays. Intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging ability was detected using the 2',7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA) fluorescent probe. Cell compatibility and the protective effect of Ber-Cur NPs against hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) -induced oxidative stress injury were evaluated using the methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay. Twenty-five Sprague-Dawley rats were established chronic wound models on the back and were randomly divided into the control group,model group,and low,medium,and high dose Ber-Cur NPs groups. Wounds in each group were treated with daily dressing changes. The control and model groups received normal saline,while the low,medium,and high dose Ber-Cur NPs groups received 0.1,0.5,and 2.0 mg/mL Ber-Cur NPs,respectively. Wound images were obtained on days 7 and 15 after treatment,and the wound healing rate was calculated. On day 15 after treatment,wound tissues were collected to determine superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) expression was detected by immunohistochemistry,and CD31 expression was detected by immunofluorescence staining. The biosafety of Ber-Cur NPs were evaluated using the MTT assay,hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining of major organs,and hematological analysis.

Results

Ber-Cur NPs exhibited a quasi-spherical morphology,with a particle size of (44.25±11.73) nm,a hydration particle size of 108.10 nm,and a zeta potential of +7.6 mV. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy indicated that hydrogen bonding,π-π stacking,and electrostatic interactions between Ber and Cur may jointly drive the self-assembly process. Dual-channel fluorescence localization showed a high degree of overlap between the fluorescence signals of Ber and Cur in the nanoparticles,suggesting that both components participated in the formation of the self-assembled nanoparticles. In vitro experiments showed that Ber-Cur NPs had favorable scavenging effects on ABTS,DPPH,and PTIO free radicals,as well as intracellular ROS,and improved the survival rate of cells subjected to oxidative stress injury. MTT results showed that the cell survival rates of Ber-Cur NPs treatment were above 80% within the concentration range of 0–200 μg/mL. After high dose Ber-Cur NPs treatment,no significant abnormalities were observed on the liver and kidney function indicators or the HE staining of major organs in the rats. Compared with the model group,Ber-Cur NPs treatment increased the wound healing rate,enhanced SOD activity and CD31 expression,and reduced MDA level and IL-6 expression in wound tissues.

Conclusion

Ber-Cur NPs can improve chronic wound healing in rats by reducing oxidative stress,inhibiting inflammatory responses,and promoting angiogenesis.

图1 Ber-Cur NPs的形貌表征。A示SEM下Ber-Cur NPs呈类球形,部分颗粒存在轻度物理团聚现象(放大倍数×300 000);B示TEM下Ber-Cur NPs呈均一的类球形实心结构,边缘规整;C示粒径统计直方图,基于100个随机纳米颗粒统计,粒径为(44.25±11.73) nm;D示动态光散射粒径分布曲线,Ber-Cur NPs水合粒径为108.10 nm (n=3);E示Zeta电位分布图,Ber-Cur NPs电位为+7.6 mV,呈弱正电性,单峰窄分布;F示EDS元素分布平面扫描图像,C(红色)、N(橙色)、O(黄色)3种元素信号高度重叠且均匀分散;G示CLSM下Ber(绿色)和Cur(红色)共同分布于纳米颗粒中;H示Ber、Cur和Ber-Cur NPs的UV-vis图谱,Ber-Cur NPs中同时保留了Ber和Cur的特征性吸收峰,未出现新的杂峰;I、J示Ber-Cur NPs的FTIR全谱图(4000~400 cm-1)和局部放大图(2000~1000 cm-1),可见Ber的芳香碳碳双键(1598 cm-1)和碳碳单键(1509 cm-1)伸缩振动及Cur的羰基(1625 cm-1)、甲基(1274 cm-1)及碳氧单键(1024 cm-1)伸缩振动 注:SEM为扫描电子显微镜;TEM为透射电子显微镜;EDS为能谱分析;CLSM为共聚焦激光扫描显微镜;UV-vis为紫外-可见吸收光谱;FTIR为傅里叶变换红外光谱;Ber为小檗碱;Cur为姜黄素;Ber-Cur NPs为小檗碱-姜黄素纳米颗粒
图2 Ber-Cur NPs的体外抗氧化活性及细胞保护情况。A-C示Ber-Cur NPs对ABTS、DPPH及PTIO自由基的清除率;D示 DCFH-DA荧光染色,DAPI为蓝色,细胞内ROS为绿色(放大倍数×20);E示ROS相对荧光强度;F示MTT法检测氧化应激损伤细胞活力 注:图A-C中,与100μg/mL相比,aP<0.05,bP<0.01;与200 μg/mL相比,cP<0.01。图E、F中,与模型组相比,aP<0.001;与对照组相比,bP<0.001。Ber为小檗碱;Cur为姜黄素;Ber-Cur NPs为小檗碱-姜黄素纳米颗粒;ROS为活性氧;DAPI为4',6-二脒基-2-苯基吲哚;DCFH-DA为2',7'-二氯二氢荧光素二乙酸酯
图3 大鼠创面愈合情况。A示大鼠创面愈合图像;B示各组创面愈合率比较 注:与模型组相比,aP<0.001;Ber为小檗碱;Cur为姜黄素;Ber-Cur NPs为小檗碱-姜黄素纳米颗粒
图4 大鼠创面组织HE染色及Masson染色。A示治疗第15天各组大鼠创面组织HE染色(放大倍数×20);B示治疗第15天各组大鼠创面组织Masson染色(放大倍数×20) 注:Ber为小檗碱;Cur为姜黄素;Ber-Cur NPs为小檗碱-姜黄素纳米颗粒;HE为苏木精-伊红
图5 大鼠创面组织中IL-6、CD31表达情况及SOD、MDA含量。A示IL-6免疫组织化学染色(放大倍数×40);B示CD31免疫荧光染色,CD31为绿色荧光,DAPI为蓝色荧光(放大倍数×10);C示IL-6相对表达水平;D示CD31相对表达水平;E示 SOD相对表达水平;F示MDA相对含量 注:与模型组相比,aP<0.01,bP<0.001。IL-6为白细胞介素-6;SOD为超氧化物歧化酶;MDA为丙二醛;Ber为小檗碱;Cur为姜黄素;Ber-Cur NPs为小檗碱-姜黄素纳米颗粒;DAPI为4',6-二脒基-2-苯基吲哚
表1 治疗第15天对照组和Ber-Cur NPs高剂量组大鼠血常规及肝肾功能指标比较
图6 治疗第15天大鼠主要器官HE染色 注:Ber为小檗碱;Cur为姜黄素;Ber-Cur NPs为小檗碱-姜黄素纳米颗粒;HE为苏木精-伊红;放大倍数×20
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