结核性创面是一种传染性疾病，发病人数呈逐年上升趋势、易复发，是临床亟需解决的问题之一。目前结核性创面的发病机制还不清楚，构建符合研究需要的结核性创面动物模型，有助于理解结核性创面的发病机制及治疗的有效性。但迄今为止，仍缺乏能够完全复制人类疾病的完美动物模型，由于不同动物对结核分枝杆菌敏感性不同，加上感染后各自发病表现也不尽相同，所以不同的结核性创面动物模型都各有优缺点。豚鼠和新西兰兔模型适合于病理学研究；斑马鱼是一种新兴的结核性创面动物模型，主要用于分子生物学水平的研究；非人灵长类动物与人最相似，在多个方面具有不可代替的优势；对于小鼠模型，虽然结核肉芽肿结构不典型，但其在免疫学研究中是最佳选择。本文将概述这些结核性创面动物模型的特点。

Tuberculousis wound is an infections disease, which continues to be a clinical problem for its large number of patients and easy recurrence. At present, the pathogenesis of tuberculousis wounds is unclear. In order to understand its pathogenesis and effectiveness of treatment, it is necessary to reproduce an appropriate animal model. But so far, there is still no perfect animal model to mimic human tuberculosis. Since different animals have different sensitivity to mycobacterium tuberculosis, and their respective performance are different after infection, different animal models of tuberculousis wound have their own advantages and disadvantages. Guinea pigs and New Zealand rabbits are widely used in pathologic studies. Zebrafish are new animal models of tuberculosis wound, which are mainly used in the studies of molecular biology. Nonhuman primates are the best animal model to mimic human tuberculosis with irreplaceable advantages in many aspects. Although the granulomatous structure of mice model is not typical, the mice are the best choice for immunological studies. This review summarizes the characteristics of several animal models of tuberculosis wound.