To explore effective measures to prevent and control nosocomial infection, and to analyze the characteristics of nosocomial infection among patients injured in explosion in violent and terroristic emergencies.

Ninetheen patients injured in explosion and treated in the People′s Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region were selected as the research object. The measures to prevent and control nosocomial infection, including personnel and materials management, environment cleaning and disinfection, and screening of hospital acquired pneumonia, were carried out on the basis of daily infection control measures in combination with the characteristics of emergent public health events. The use of antibacterial agents, reports on microbiological specimens and nosocomial infection rate of patients were analyzed.

The risk factors of nosocomial infection include over 60 years old age, multiple injuries, presence of underlying diseases. All of the 19 patients were cured and discharged from hospital after medical treatment. Average hospitalization time was (50.8±58.2) d. Nosocomial infection rate of was 31.6%, with respiratory infection as the most common infection accounting for 62.5%; antibacterial drug utilization rate was 63.2% (12/19); microbial inspection rate was 100% (12/12).

The treatment of patients injured in emergency requires timely analysis of the infection characteristics of the patients and improvement and strict implementation of the nosocomial infection prevention and control measures, in order to reduce occurrence rate of nosocomial infection.