To preliminarily investigate the clinical efficacy of CTLA4Ig gene-transfected porcine skin combined with de-epidermized dermal tissue homogenate in the treatment of deep burn wounds.

A retrospective analysis was conducted on 28 patients with deep burns admitted to the Department of Burns and Wound Repair， Dongguan Houjie Hospital from June 2023 to June 2025. There were 22 males and 6 females， aged 21–67 years， with a mean age of （44.61±12.29） years. Patients were divided into the observation group （15 cases） and the control group （13 cases） according to the treatment protocol. The observation group received autologous de-epidermized dermis homogenate combined with CTLA4Ig gene-transfected porcine skin transplantation， while the control group received CTLA4Ig gene-transfected porcine skin transplantation alone. Wound healing time， postoperative inflammatory factor levels， and scar hyperplasia were compared between the two groups. Scar quality was evaluated using the Vancouver scar scale （VSS）， including scores for pigmentation， thickness， vascularity， and flexibility， with total score calculated. Adverse events during treatment were recorded.

Complete wound healing time was significantly shorter in the observation group than in the control group ［（20.07±2.49） d vs. （26.92±6.49） d， P<0.001］. Interleukin-6 （IL-6） levels at 1 and 7 days postoperatively were significantly lower in the observation group （all P<0.05）. At 3 months postoperatively， the VSS score was significantly lower in the observation group ［（4.53±1.06） vs. （5.62±1.50）， P<0.05］.

De-epidermized dermis homogenate combined with CTLA4Ig gene-transfected porcine skin can significantly shorten wound healing time， reduce postoperative inflammatory response， and effectively improve scar quality， providing a novel combined repair strategy for the treatment of deep burn wounds.

To investigate the association between depression and osteoporotic fracture healing disorder and to construct and internally validate a multivariable prediction model.

Data were obtained from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey （NHANES） database from 2005 to 2018. Participants aged ≥40 years with complete data on fracture healing status， depression assessment， and covariates were included. Multivariable Logistic regression was used to analyze the association between depression and osteoporotic fracture healing disorder. The most predictive variables were selected to build a prediction model. Model performance was evaluated using the receiver operating characteristic （ROC） curve， calibration curve， and decision curve analysis （DCA）.

A total of 3 166 participants were included， of whom 958 （30.27%） had osteoporotic fracture healing disorder. Multivariable analysis showed that depressive status was significantly associated with an increased risk of fracture healing disorder （OR=6.92， 95%CI： 6.00~8.00， P<0.001）. Subgroup analysis indicated this association was significant across all subgroups （all P<0.001）， with significant interactions found for age， gender， and alcohol consumption subgroups （interaction P<0.05）. The prediction model， built using variables selected by least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression （age， gender， depression status， alcohol consumption status）， demonstrated good predictive performance： the area under the curve (AUC) of training set was 0.82 （95%CI： 0.80~0.84） and validation set AUC was 0.81 （95%CI： 0.78~0.83）. The calibration curve showed high consistency between predicted probabilities and actual risks. DCA indicated clinical net benefit across a wide range of threshold probabilities.

Depression is an independent risk factor for osteoporotic fracture healing disorder. A predictive model based on depressive status， age， sex， and alcohol consumption shows good predictive performance and may help identify high-risk individuals and guide clinical decision-making.

To investigate the repair timing and operation method for palmar scar of finger in children under 3 years of age.

From March 2012 to December 2024， 52 pediatric patients under 3 years of age with isolated palmar finger scar hyperplasia with or without contracture deformity were admitted to the Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University， and the Department of Burns， Plastic Surgery and Wound Repair of Ankang Central Hospital， including 28 males and 24 females， aged （1.6±0.7） years with a total of 151 fingers affected. Based on the extent of scarring and finger function， the fingers were classified into typeⅠ， type Ⅱ， and type Ⅲ. Type Ⅰ fingers were managed conservatively with regular follow-up， and surgical intervention was considered after scar softening depending on the degree of impact on finger function. Type Ⅱ fingers were primarily managed conservatively， with Z-plasty flap repair performed after scar softening and web-like scar formation， thereby avoiding skin grafting. Type Ⅲ fingers underwent surgical treatment， including resection of hypertrophic scars and thorough release of contractures. Local flaps from the lateral fingers were used to repair the finger web and the first transverse crease， while secondary wounds were covered with full-thickness autologous skin grafts. During the operation， Kirschner wires were used to immobilize the fingers in an extended position within the soft tissue without penetrating the phalanges. Observed the improvement of finger appearance and function during follow-up.

All 45 type Ⅰ fingers were managed non-operatively and followed up for 1–5 years with normal finger function. Among the 36 type Ⅱ fingers， 8 fingers received local flap transfer repair during the scar proliferation stage， and 28 fingers underwent local flap transfer repair after web-like scar formation， with a follow-up of 1–6 years. None required autologous skin grafting. All 70 type Ⅲfingers underwent surgical treatment according to the planned protocol. Postoperatively， both flaps and skin grafts survived completely， with satisfactory restoration of finger function， no secondary surgical intervention was required during a follow-up of 1–7 years.

Clinical classification of simple palmar finger scars in children， along with appropriate selection of therapeutic timing and surgical methods， can protect finger function and growth， reduce the number of operations， and achieve better therapeutic outcomes.

To investigate the potential classification and influencing factors of wound arteriovenous catheterization and maintenance competence among burn unit nurses，and propose targeted training countermeasures.

Nurses from 15 burn centers across 10 provinces and municipalities including Shanghai， Jiangsu， and Fujian were recruited as study subjects through convenience sampling in August 2025. The general information questionnaire and the evaluation scale for the ability of arteriovenous catheterization and maintenance of burn wounds were used for the investigation. The Latent profile analysis， univariate analysis， and multiple Logistic regression analysis were employed to identify the latent profiles and influencing factors of wound arteriovenous catheterization and maintenance competence among burn unit nurses.

The competence of burn unit nurses in wound arteriovenous catheterization and maintenance can be categorized into low-level group and high-level group. Professional title nurse practitioner （OR=2.427，95%CI：1.097-5.376，P=0.028）， years of experience （5-10 years：OR=3.744， 95%CI：1.692-8.285，P=0.001；11-20 years：OR=4.773，95%CI：2.093-10.885，P<0.001）， participation in relevant training on arteriovenous catheterization and maintenance of burn wounds （OR=1.789，95%CI：1.088-2.940，P=0.022）， and prior clinical experience in arteriovenous catheterization and maintenance of burn wounds（OR=3.499， 95%CI：1.906-6.424，P<0.001） were identified as significant factors associated with the potential classification of wound arteriovenous catheterization and maintenance competence among burn unit nurses.

The competence of burn unit nurses in wound arteriovenous catheterization and maintenance is at a moderately high level， yet exhibits heterogeneity. Targeted training programs should be developed according to the distinct potential categories to enhance the overall proficiency in arteriovenous catheterization and maintenance of wounds among nurses.

To summarize the types，characteristics， and measurement properties of assessment tools for postoperative rehabilitation outcomes in patients with hip fracture， and to provide a reference for the rational selection of assessment tools in clinical practice.

Relevant literature was retrieved from PubMed， Web of Science， Embase， CINAHL， and CNKI. The purpose， assessment content， scoring methods， reliability， and validity of the included tools were analyzed and summarized.

Existing tools can be broadly classified into three categories： single-item physical performance tests， basic mobility scales， and comprehensive functional scales. These tools can be used to assess walking ability， transfer ability， balance function， activities of daily living， and overall functional independence. Only some tools have relatively sufficient evidence for reliability and validity， while most still lack systematic validation.

A wide variety of assessment tools are available for evaluating postoperative rehabilitation in patients with hip fracture. These tools differ in assessment dimensions， applicable stages， and clinical utility. In practice， tools should be selected according to the rehabilitation stage and specific assessment purpose. Further studies are needed to strengthen the evaluation of their measurement properties.

To prepare copper ion-crosslinked regenerated silk fibroin （Cu-RSF） sutures using a modified wet-spinning process， characterize their physicochemical properties， and evaluate their wound healing-promoting efficacy and biosafety.

Regenerated silk fibroin was used as the raw material to fabricate sutures via wet-spinning technology， followed by Cu²⁺ crosslinking. Scanning electron microscopy （SEM） and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy （FTIR） were employed to observe the micro-morphology and analyze the chemical structure. Uniaxial tensile testing was conducted to optimize the Cu²⁺ crosslinking concentration， mechanical draw ratio， and self-twisting time. The agar diffusion method， cell counting kit-8 （CCK-8） assay， and L929 fibroblast scratch assay were performed to evaluate antibacterial activity， biocompatibility， and cell migration-promoting capacity in vitro， respectively. A total of 50 SPF-grade male Sprague-Dawley rats aged 6–8 weeks were enrolled to establish a full-thickness dorsal skin incision model and divided into the Cu-RSF group and the 6-0 Mersilk^® group （25 rats per group）， and the skin incisions were closed with interrupted sutures using Cu-RSF and 6-0 Mersilk^® sutures， respectively. Wound healing was observed and skin tissue at the suture site were harvested on postoperative days 3， 5， 7， 10， and 14 for hematoxylin-eosin （HE） and Masson's staining (on postoperative days 7 and 14) to comprehensively assess the pro-healing effects. On postoperative day 14， tissues from the heart, liver, spleen, lung, and kidney were collected from 5 rats each in the Cu-RSF group and the normal control group, and subjected to HE staining for the evaluation of biological safety.

The Cu-RSF sutures prepared with 1.00%（w/v） Cu²⁺ crosslinking， a 1∶1.6 rotational speed ratio mechanical draw， and 6 min self-twisting exhibited a mean diameter of （101.92±1.67） μm， a maximum tensile strength of 674.8 MPa （the breaking load was approximately 6.6 N）， and a β-sheet content of 78.60%±1.15%. In vitro， the Cu-RSF sutures demonstrated significant antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa， favorable biocompatibility， and markedly promoted fibroblast migration. In vivo， compared with 6-0 Mersilk^® sutures， the Cu-RSF sutures facilitated incision closure. On postoperative day 7， the collagen deposition rate in the Cu-RSF group was 68.236%±2.334%， which was significantly higher than that in the 6-0 Mersilk^® group （37.980%±1.466%）， the difference was statistically significant （P<0.001）. Organ toxicity assessment on postoperative day 14 confirmed favorable biosafety of the Cu-RSF sutures.

Cu-RSF sutures exhibit excellent mechanical properties， antibacterial activity， and pro-repair functions， effectively accelerating postoperative incision healing.

To investigate the effects and the potential mechanism of a composite scaffold constructed by human acellular amniotic membrane （HAAM） loaded with exosomes from adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells （ADSCs-Exos） on full-thickness skin defect wound healing in mice.

ADSCs were isolated from adipose tissue obtained by liposuction， and ADSCs-Exos were collected and characterized. HAAM was prepared from placental amniotic tissue and characterized. Thirty-three BALB/c mice were selected to establish dorsal full-thickness skin defect models. In 9 mice, HAAM patches were sutured to the skin defects. The biodegradation of HAAM was evaluated by type Ⅳ collagen immunofluorescence staining of tissue sections on postoperative days 3, 7, and 14. The remaining 24 mice were divided into control group， HAAM group， Exos group， and Exos/HAAM group， with 6 mice per group. The control group received no treatment； the HAAM group was covered with HAAM patch； the Exos group was treated with 100 μg ADSCs-Exos； and the Exos/HAAM group was covered with HAAM patch containing 100 μg ADSCs-Exos. Wound healing was evaluated by morphological observation， hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining， and Masson staining on days 7 and 14 post-surgery. Cytokine antibody microarray was performed on day 14 to detect the expression changes of chemokines at the wound site.

ADSCs-Exos were successfully isolated and identified. Scanning electron microscopy revealed a loose and porous structure of the HAAM scaffold. Immunofluorescence staining revealed that the HAAM had largely degraded by day 14 post-surgery. In the mice wound model， the Exos/HAAM group exhibited significantly higher wound healing rate on day 7 post-surgery compared to other groups. HE staining showed that the epithelialization in the Exos/HAAM group was better than that in other groups on day 7 post-surgery. Masson staining demonstrated that collagen content in the Exos/HAAM group was higher than that in other groups on day 14 post-surgery. Cytokine antibody microarray analysis indicated that the Exos/HAAM group exhibited superimposed expression of chemokines from both HAAM group and Exos group on day 14 post-surgery.

The Exos/HAAM composite scaffold promotes chemokine expression in wound tissue and accelerates wound healing in mice.

Post-burn pruritus， a highly prevalent symptom during the burn wound rehabilitation process， is characterized by a high incidence and prolonged course， which seriously affects the physical and mental health of patients and is a clinical challenge that needs to be urgently addressed. The International Society for Burn Injuries guidelines clearly incorporate pruritus assessment into routine care， and selecting an appropriate assessment tool is the foundation for effective intervention. This article systematically reviews the application status， reliability and validity features， and adaptation limitations of 11 pruritus assessment tools in burn patients at home and abroad， as well as the current exploration and application status of digital technologies such as wearable devices and image recognition in pruritus assessment. The aim is to provide practical references for clinicians to scientifically select assessment tools， promote the development of localized tools， and facilitate the clinical translation of digital technologies.

Multi-omics technology is an effective collaborative multidisciplinary approach for investigating the pathogenesis and enabling precision diagnosis and treatment of burns complicated with sepsis. Complementarity is achieved by integrating multi-dimensional and interdisciplinary omics data， which clarifies the molecular network of the disease， identifies early warning indicators and molecular subtypes， and guides precision medicine and individualized interventions. Single-omics and integrated multi-omics studies, to a certain extent, have revealed the molecular characteristics of immune cell abnormalities and signaling pathway disorders, providing new ideas for early diagnosis and targeted therapy of the disease. However， challenges such as inconsistent standards， data analysis complexity， and clinical translation barriers still persist. This review summarizes the current application status and functions of multi-omics technologies， and proposes solutions to address these issues， aiming to provide references for the precision diagnosis， treatment， and prognostic evaluation of burns complicated with sepsis.

Type Ⅲ collagen （ColⅢ） is a key component of the extracellular matrix （ECM） and is crucial for maintaining the structural integrity of the skin and promoting repair. Traditional animal-derived ColⅢ has issues such as source variations， immunogenicity risks， and batch differences. Recombinant human type Ⅲ collagen （rhColⅢ）， produced through genetic engineering， is highly homologous to natural ColⅢ and overcomes the risks associated with animal sources. Utilizing the biological activity of rhColⅢ， it can be prepared into various material forms such as electrospun nanofiber membranes， hydrogels， microneedle patches， and free rhColⅢ chains to promote wound healing and reduce scar formation. rhColⅢ may downregulate the expression of fibrotic genes by interfering with the transforming growth factor-β （TGF-β）/Smad signaling pathways， or enter fibroblasts through the urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor-associated protein （uPARAP）/endocytic receptor 180 （Endo180） endocytic pathway as raw materials for synthesizing ColⅢ， directly regulating the ratio of Col Ⅰ/ColⅢ， thereby promoting wound healing. Additionally， this review explores the effects of expression systems and chemical modifications on the structure and function of rhColⅢ， and proposes suggestions for future research from perspectives such as material design， mechanism study， intervention of old scars， and clinical translation.

Malignant melanoma frequently develops resistance to targeted agents and immune checkpoint blockade. The core reason lies in the impaired ability of malignant cells to undergo regulated cell death， along with the dominance of an immunosuppressive microenvironment， which limits the efficacy of solely targeting mitochondrial apoptosis. PANapoptosis integrates pyroptosis， apoptosis， and necroptosis， thereby enhancing tumor cell clearance， promoting the release of adenosine triphosphate （ATP） and antigens， and amplifying inflammatory and interferon signaling. These effects improve antigen presentation and effector immune cell recruitment， ultimately enhancing responses to immunotherapy. However， factors such as hypoxia， acidic environment， enhanced autophagy， and epigenetic silencing can hinder the initiation and amplification of PANapoptosis. This review summarizes the molecular architecture of PANapoptosis and its impact on the immune microenvironment of melanoma， as well as relevant resistance mechanisms, proposes that B-cell lymphoma 2-related protein A1 （BCL2A1） may play a negative regulatory role by inhibiting the PANapoptotic complex， and explores the potential of combining BCL2A1 targeting with PANapoptosis inducers as a direction for overcoming therapeutic resistance in melanoma.