Progress in the mechanism and treatment of exosome-mediated osteonecrosis of the femoral head

doi:10.3877/cma.j.issn.1673-9450.2022.03.012

Abstract

Abstract:

Osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) is a very destructive and disabling common orthopedic disease, and its pathogenesis has not been fully determined. Exosomes are vesicle-like carriers with bilayer membrane structure, which contain contents such as abundant proteins and nucleic acids, and are one of the key modes of cell communication. In recent years, a large number of experimental conclusions have confirmed that exosomes play a key role in pathophysiological activities such as circulatory disturbance, fat metabolism disorders, altered osteogenic ability, and apoptosis in patients with ONFH, as well as prevention and treatment. This article reviews the pathogenesis of exosomes and its potential application in the treatment of ONFH, proposes that exosomes can be used as an important treatment for ONFH.

Key words: Femur head necrosis, Thrombosis, Lipid metabolism disorders, Bone regeneration, Apoptosis, Exosomes

Yuchen Xu, Lu Li, Dongling Xue, Dewei Zhao. Progress in the mechanism and treatment of exosome-mediated osteonecrosis of the femoral head[J]. Chinese Journal of Injury Repair and Wound Healing(Electronic Edition), 2022, 17(03): 247-252.

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References 57

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外泌体来源		外泌体内含物	作用结果	对应文献
种属	细胞	外泌体内含物	作用结果	对应文献
新西兰大白兔	BMSC	miRNA-450a-5p、miRNA-133b-3p	通过调节纤溶酶原激活物抑制物-1表达影响血管内凝血状态，促进血栓形成	[13]
C57BL6小鼠	间充质干细胞	miRNA-30b、miRNA-30c、miRNA-424、miRNA-let-7f	将miRNA转移至内皮细胞并促进血管生成	[28]
SD大鼠	脂肪细胞	miRNA-148a	过表达促进脂肪细胞分化并抑制成骨细胞分化	[34]
人	BMSC	miRNA-424-5p	调节Wnt/β-catenin通路抑制成骨分化	[38]
新西兰大白兔	BMSC	miRNA-122-5p	促进ONFH中成骨细胞增殖	[39]
人	BMSC	tsRNA-10277	糖皮质激素诱导的BMSC中的成脂分化降低和成骨分化增强	[41]
SD大鼠	BMSC	miRNA-148a-3p	通过促进Smad 7与Bcl-2基因的表达增强成骨能力减轻ONFH	[40]
人	尿源性干细胞	脑恶性肿瘤缺失基因1、金属蛋白酶组织抑制剂1	逆转糖皮质激素诱导的内皮血管生成抑制和细胞凋亡	[46]
人	诱导多能干细胞-间充质干细胞	诱导多能干细胞-间充质干细胞-外泌体	促进细胞增殖和抑制细胞凋亡	[49]
人	脐带间充质干细胞-间充质干细胞	miRNA-365a-5p	通过激活Hippo信号通路促进成骨	[56]

外泌体来源		外泌体内含物	作用结果	对应文献
种属	细胞	外泌体内含物	作用结果	对应文献
新西兰大白兔	BMSC	miRNA-450a-5p、miRNA-133b-3p	通过调节纤溶酶原激活物抑制物-1表达影响血管内凝血状态，促进血栓形成	[13]
C57BL6小鼠	间充质干细胞	miRNA-30b、miRNA-30c、miRNA-424、miRNA-let-7f	将miRNA转移至内皮细胞并促进血管生成	[28]
SD大鼠	脂肪细胞	miRNA-148a	过表达促进脂肪细胞分化并抑制成骨细胞分化	[34]
人	BMSC	miRNA-424-5p	调节Wnt/β-catenin通路抑制成骨分化	[38]
新西兰大白兔	BMSC	miRNA-122-5p	促进ONFH中成骨细胞增殖	[39]
人	BMSC	tsRNA-10277	糖皮质激素诱导的BMSC中的成脂分化降低和成骨分化增强	[41]
SD大鼠	BMSC	miRNA-148a-3p	通过促进Smad 7与Bcl-2基因的表达增强成骨能力减轻ONFH	[40]
人	尿源性干细胞	脑恶性肿瘤缺失基因1、金属蛋白酶组织抑制剂1	逆转糖皮质激素诱导的内皮血管生成抑制和细胞凋亡	[46]
人	诱导多能干细胞-间充质干细胞	诱导多能干细胞-间充质干细胞-外泌体	促进细胞增殖和抑制细胞凋亡	[49]
人	脐带间充质干细胞-间充质干细胞	miRNA-365a-5p	通过激活Hippo信号通路促进成骨	[56]

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