To explore the preliminary prevention effects of multiple plant oil combination on chemoradiotherapy induced mucosal toxicities.

From July 2022 to June 2023, 108 patients in Department of Oncology, Shenzhen Hospital of Southen Medical University used 3-5 plant oils to prevent the chemoradiotherapy toxicities including the oral mucositis (OM), radiation dermatitis (RD), hand-and-foot syndrome (HSF). 34 patients were recruited as preventing with multiple plant oils (prevention group, PG) and 74 patients were treated as routine practice (non-prevention group, NPG). Compared the incidence rates of OM, RD, and HFS that were evaluated with the criteria of Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) 5.0. And the Chi square was used to compare the statistical difference.

108 patients had head and neck, breast, gastrointestinal cancer mainly. In PG and NPG, 64.7% and 31.1% received curative treatment respectively, 44.1% and 35.1% had radiotherapy alone, 32.4% and 43.2% did concurrent chemoradiotherapy respectively. The overall incidence rate of toxicities was statistically different. The grade 2-3 of toxicities was 35.3% and 64.8% and grade 0-1 were 64.7% and 35.2% in PG and NPG respectively (χ²=16.347, P=0.001). For patients with head and neck cancer, the rate of grade 2-3 of RD and OM were 33.4% and 50.0% respectively. The RD and OM rate decreased 60.6% and 40.9% respectively. For breast cancer, the RD rate were 27.3% and 66.7% in PG and NPG respectively and grade 2-3 RD rate decreased 59.1%(χ²=5.038, P=0.025). For gastrointestinal cancer, the grade 2-3 of HFS were 23.5% and 45.2% which decreased 47.9%(χ²=2.192, P=0.139).

The combination of multiple plant oils could be used to mitigate the severity of the chemoradiotherapy induced dermal and/or oral mucosal toxicities.