Microcirculation serves as the central link connecting systemic circulatory failure to multiple organ dysfunction syndrome. Following extensive burns， the body enters a complex pathophysiological state characterized by the interplay of hypovolemic shock， burn wounds， sepsis， and intense inflammatory responses， with severe microcirculatory dysfunction at its core. Currently， the importance of research and monitoring methods on post-burn microcirculation monitoring has gradually attracted attention. This review summarizes recent advances in systemic microcirculation monitoring and local wound perfusion assessment in patients with extensive burns. Various microcirculation monitoring techniques， including handheld vital microscopy imaging， near-infrared spectroscopy imaging， laser Doppler imaging， and glycocalyx assessment， have demonstrated significant diagnostic and prognostic potential， which may offer new perspectives for precision treatment in critically ill burn patients.