To compare and analyze the distribution of pathogenic bacteria and drug resistance of burn patients in old and new ward.

Forty-five and 91 burn patients with burn area ≥30% total body surface area (TBSA) were selected from the old and new ward of Department of Burns, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University from October 2017 to October 2019. Strains isolated from wound secretions, blood, sputum, urine, feces, deep vein catheter and tracheal cannula were collected by the automatic microbial identification analyzer, and drug sensitivity test was conducted by K-B disk diffusion method. The distribution and type of pathogenic bacteria and the drug resistance rate of gram-negative bacteria and gram-positive bacteria with the highest detection rate were analyzed, the drug resistance rate of fungi were also analyzed. Data were processed with chi-square test or Fisher′s exact probability method.

A total of 196 strains of pathogenic bacteria were detected in the new ward, including 149 (76.02%) gram-negative bacteria, 25 (12.76%) gram-positive bacteria and 22 (11.22%) fungi. A total of 302 strains of pathogenic bacteria were detected, including 241(79.80%) gram-negative bacteria, 41 (13.58%) gram-positive bacteria, and 20(6.62%) fungi. There were no significant difference in the detection rates of gram-negative bacteria, gram-postive bacteria and fungi in the old and new wards. The gram-negative bacteria with the highest detection rate in the new ward was klebsiella pneumoniae [37 (18.88%)], compared with the old ward [50 (16.56%)], there was no significant difference (χ²=0.887, P=0.346). The gram-negative bacteria with the highest detection rate of in the old ward was pseudomonas aeruginosa [91 (30.13%)], compared with the new ward [17 (8.67%)], the difference was statistically significant (χ²=31.927, P<0.05). The highest detection rate of gram-positive bacteria were staphylococcus aureus in both old and new wards, and the detection rates were 4.08% and 5.30%, respectively, and the difference was not statistically significant (P=0.565). The drug resistance rates of klebsiella pneumoniae to imipenem, meropenem, piperacillin/tazobactam and cefepime in the new ward were 37.84%, 40.54%, 51.35% and 59.46%, respectively, compared with the old ward [64.00%, 74.00%, 76.00% and 86.00%], the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). The drug resistance rates of pseudomonas aeruginosa to ciprofloxacin, cefoperazone/sulbactam and piperacillin/tazobactam were 67.03%, 65.93%, 53.84%, respectively in the old ward, compared with the new ward [41.18%, 35.29%, 11.76%], the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). The drug resistance rate of staphylococcus aureus to rifampicin, quinolones and gentamicin was more than 60.00%. No fungal strains resistant to commonly used clinical drugs such as fluconazole and voriconazole were detected in the old and new ward.

There are certain differences in the distribution and drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria in burn patients from old and new ward, and the multiple drug resistance is serious. Common bacteria and their drug resistance patterns are regularly inspected and diagnosed, so as to determine the appropriate antibiotic regimen and conduct appropriate treatment.